[sg_popup id=”1345″ event=”inherit”][/sg_popup]Soils of Kerala
Soil
- Formed by weathering of rocks
- Pedogenesis: Process of soil formation
- Pedology: study of Soils
Soil type depends on;
- Climate
- Amount of rainfall
- Topography
- Types of rocks
- Nature of weathering
Soils of Kerala
1.Red soil
2.Laterite soil
3.Black soil
4.Alluvium( coastal & riverine)
5.Forest soil
1.Red Soil
- In southern parts of Trivandrum
- Red colour : Hematite or anhydrous Ferric Oxide
- Easily absorbs water
- Deficient in soluble minerals
2. Laterite Soil
- Single largest type in Kerala
- Covers 68% of total area
- Formed in : moist tropical regios
- Due to weathering of granite & gneiss
- Also weathering of sedimentary rocks
- Occurs where hot & rainy season occurs alternatively
- Cultivation: Rubber, pepper, cashew
- In northern parts of Kerala
–Kozhikode, Kannu, Malappuram, &Kasargod
3. Black Soil
- Found : Chittur taluk(palakkad)
- Continuation of black cotton soil (Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)
- Low in organic matter
- Neutral to moderately alkaline
- pH= 7 to 8.5
- High in clay content
- Exhibit cracking during dry periods
- Cotton,ground nut, sugar cane
4. Alluvial soil
Coastal alluvium
- Seen : coastal tracts along Arabian sea(10 Km)
- Marine origin
- Composition: recent marine deposits, sand, silt
- Low water retaining capacity
- Not fertile
-
Riverine Alluvium
- By denudation of rivers
- Highly fertile
- High water retaining capacity
- Acidic I nature
- Paddy, coconut,Arecanut,pepper, plantains, pulses, & vegetables
Onattukara Alluvium
- Onattukara region
- Kollam ( Karunagappally, Karthikapally, & Mavelikkara)
- Alappuzha
- Kuttanadu soil:
–Highly fertile & saline
–Kayal, Kari, Karappadam
Kuttanadu soil
- Kayal : In & around lakes
- Karappadam: upper Kuttanadu
- Kari: ambalappuzha,Cherthala & Vaikkam taluks
–Highly acidic & saline
–Coconut , paddy & tapioca
5. Forest soil
- Weathering of igneous & metamorphic rocks
- Found : Idukki,wayanadu, & Palakkad
- Crops: pepper,rubber, Tea, Coffee, Cardamom
- Fertile
- Acidic( pH: 5.5 to 6.3)
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Soils of Kerala
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